A newer generation of 3D print-ers are self-replicating machines initiated by Dr. Adrian Bowyer in 2004 at the University of Bath, UK, called the RepRap (Replicating Rapid Phototyper) 3D printers. These innovative printers utilize Cartesian robots, which can move along the x, y, z axis and can precisely deposit thermoplastic polymers based on digital CAD/CAM data, employing additive manufacturing technology called fused filament fabrication. RepRap was the first of the low-cost 3D printers, and the RepRap Project started the open-source 3D printer revolution, giving everyone access to cutting-edge technology4. Looking toward the future, the horizon of dental technology includes the exciting development of 4D printing, also known as 4D bioprinting, shape-morphing systems or active origami. At its core, 4D printing entails the creation of 3D printed models where materials used are capable of sponta-neous shape transformation and adaptation in response to changes in temperature or moisture within the oral environment. This technol-ogy offers a whole new promising scope to improve the quality of dental care to the patients. 5 Given the extensive array of 3D printer models accessible in today's market, you have the flexibility to select the one that aligns with both your budget and the requirements of your practice. For orthodontic model printing necessities, opting for a simple and straightforward 3D printer would adequately meet your needs. Table 1 lists some popular 3D printers along with their manufac-turers and price ranges. Please note that the price ranges provided are approximate and may vary based on factors such as speci-fications, accessories, and optional add-ons. The pricing information was sourced from the manufactur-ing companies' websites and various online sources as of 3/11/2024. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Dr. Khoi Nguyen diligently researched and devised a cost-effec-tive 3D printing system that upholds quality standards, resulting Fig. 8 Table 1 Model Manufacturer Rapid Shape Stratasys Carbon DWS Dentsply Sirona 3D Systems Price range $50,000 -$100,000 $40,000 -$60,000 $25,000 -$50,000 $15,000 -$20,000 $15,000 -$20,000 $10,000 -$20,000 $10,000 -$20,000 Rapid Shape D100 Stratasys J700 Dental Carbon M2 DWS XFAB 3D printer Primeprint 3D Systems NextDent 5100 Cara Print 4.0 EnvisionTEC Vida cDLM Max UV SprintRay Pro Formlabs Form 3B+ Phrozen Sonic Mini 8K Elegoo 3 Pro or Elegoo 4 Dentsply Sirona Dentsply Sirona Dentsply Sirona Dentsply Sirona Dentsply Sirona Phrozen Elegoo $8,999 -$14,999 $7,000 -$10,000 $6,000 -$8,000 $4,000 -$5,000 $200 -$450 $200 -$400 in substantial cost savings. This system was specifically developed for printing models essential for clear aligner treatments at his prac-tice located in Houston, TX. Dr. Khoi uses the Elegoo Mars 2 Pro, the Elegoo Mars 3 Pro, and the Elegoo Mars 4 Ultra for his printing needs. (Fig. 9) Among them, the Mars 4 Ultra stands out for its speed, enhanced build quality and convenient wireless file transfer feature, allowing print jobs to be www.orthodontics.com Fig. 9 Spring 2024 23
Journal of the American Orthodontic Society Spring 2024: Page 23
